The IELTS Reading examination has 40 questions and is planned to assess a variety of reading skills. Reading for main ideas, gist, understanding logical argument, detail, skimming, and recognising writers’ attitudes, opinions, and purpose are all examples.
Both the IELTS Academic and General Training tests have similar question types, but the reading text topics are different.
There may be questions to test your comprehension of the passage at times. For example, the question could be about the topic, highlighting specific ideas or words that represent the passages’ main message. It’s a good idea to underline important words as you read. When a question is asked around the same time, it becomes easier to spot them.
As you progress through the test, the passages become more difficult, so make sure you leave enough time to finish the last one. Read the article to get the answers to the History of fire fighting and prevention.
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History of Fire Fighting and Prevention
Many good aspirants fail the IELTS Reading section because they don’t read the instructions carefully. To avoid losing easy marks, pay close attention to the instructions you’re given.
IELTS Reading is more of a vocabulary test than a reading test in many ways. The reason for this is that understanding the text passages given to you necessitates a large vocabulary. If you want to identify the information needed to answer the questions correctly, you’ll need to be familiar with synonyms and paraphrasing.
IELTS Reading Passage
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A
More than two thousand years ago, Roman emperor Augustus organised a group of watchmen whose job was mainly to look out for fires and sound an alarm in the event of one. For many centuries that followed, flame equipment was limited to buckets of water that got passed from person to person.
The axe was later found to be a useful tool both for removing fuel in large flames and for opening holes to allow smoke and flames to escape from burning buildings. Watchmen also learned to create flame breaks with long hooked poles and ropes in order to pull down structures that provided fuel for a flame.
In 1066, in order to reduce the risk of flame in thatched-roof houses, King William the Conqueror made a ruling: Citizens had to extinguish their cooking flames at night. His term couvre-feu, meaning “cover flame,” is the origin of the modern-day term curfew, which no longer carries a literal translation.
B
The event that had the largest influence in the history of fire fighting was the Great flame of London in 1666. The devastating blaze originated at the King’s Bakery near the London Bridge.
At the onset, Lord Mayor Bludworth showed little concern for the flame, assuming it would extinguish itself before he could organise a group of men to attend to it. However, the summer of 1666 had been uncharacteristically hot and dry, and the wooden houses nearby caught flame quickly.
Within a short time, the wind had carried the flame across the city, burning down over 300 houses in its path. Although the procedure of pulling down buildings to prevent a flame from spreading was standard in Britain, the mayor grew concerned over the cost it would involve to rebuild the city and ordered that the surrounding structures be left intact.
By the time the king ordered the destruction of buildings in the flame’s path, the flame was too large to control. It was not until the Duke of York ordered the Paper House to be destroyed in order to create a crucial flame break that the London flame finally began to lose its fuel.
C
When it became clear that four-fifths of the city had been destroyed by the flame, drastic measures were taken in London to create a system of organised flame prevention.
At the hands of architects such as Christopher Wren, most of London was rebuilt using stone and brick, materials that were far less flammable than wood and straw. Because of the long history of flames in London, those who could afford to build new homes and businesses began to seek insurance for their properties. As insurance became a profitable business, companies soon realised the monetary benefits of hiring men to extinguish flames.
In the early years of insurance companies, all insured properties were marked with an insurance company’s name or logo. If a flame broke out and a building did not contain the insurance mark, the flame brigades were called away and the building was left to burn.
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D
The British insurance companies were largely responsible for employing people to develop new technology for extinguishing flames. The first flame engines were simple tubs on wheels that were pulled to the location of the flame, with water being supplied by a bucket brigade.
Eventually, a hand pump was designed to push the water out of the tub into a hose with a nozzle. The pump allowed for a steady stream of water to shoot through a hose directly at the flame source.
Before long, companies began to utilise water pipes made from hollowed tree trunks that were built under the roadway. By digging down into the road, firemen could insert a hole into the tree-trunk pipe and access the water to feed into the pump.
E
Fire fighting became a competitive business, as companies fought to be the first to arrive at a scene to access the water pipes. After a series of fires destroyed parts of London, fire-fighting companies were forced to reconsider their intentions.
By the eighteenth century, fire brigades began to join forces, and in 1833 the Sun Insurance Company along with ten other London companies created the London Fire Engine Establishment.
In 1865, the government became involved, bringing standards to both fire prevention and fire fighting and establishing London’s Metropolitan Fire Brigade. Though the firemen were well paid, they were constantly on duty and thus obliged to call their fire station home for both themselves and their families.
F
New technology for fighting fires continued to develop in both Europe and the New World. Leather hoses with couplings that joined the lengths together were hand-sewn in the Netherlands and used until the late l800s when rubber hoses became available.
The technology for steam engine fire trucks was available in Britain and America in 1829, but most brigades were hesitant to use them until the 1850s. It was the public that eventually forced the brigades into putting the more efficient equipment to use.
In the early 1900s, when the internal-combustion engine was developed, the trucks became motorised. This was a timely advancement in fire-fighting history, as World War, I put added pressure on brigades throughout the world.
IELTS Reading Answers
#fuel.
#hot and dry
#rebuild the city.
#stone and brick
#fires.
#extinguish fires.
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| A | No |
| C | Yes |
| B | Not Given |
IELTS Exam Preparation
Spending a lot of time on a difficult question is the wrong thing to do. If the answer does not appear, move on to the next question. The difficult questions can always be revisited later.
It’s critical that you maintain your composure and keep your nerves in check. Accepting that you are unlikely to get all of the questions correct on test day may help you control your nerves and timing!
Conclusion
When practising IELTS Reading, it’s critical to use reliable materials because this is the only way to get an accurate picture of your current ability.
One of the most difficult aspects of the IELTS Reading section is finishing it in the time allotted.
You’ll have 60 minutes to answer 40 questions, so make sure you’re ready before you book your test!
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