You’ll have an hour to complete three sections or three reading passages on the Academic Reading Test. Each reading passage will have 13-14 questions, for a total of 40 questions (possibly 41) across three reading sections. Each question is worth one point. You will receive one mark for each right answer and no marks for wrong answers.
Here is an IELTS reading passage called ‘Categorising Love.’ Aspirants should first read the passage, answer the questions and then look for the answers to recheck their answers. Let’s read and understand.
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Categorising Love Reading Answers
You won’t be able to read every single line of the reading passages and then answer the questions because time will be a factor. To locate the answers to these questions, you’ll need to employ guessing, scanning, and skimming.
In the reading question booklet, you may mark and make notes, but you must write your responses on the answer sheet. There will be no more time allotted for transferring the solution.
The Academic Reading Test has one long text or reading passage in each area. These are excerpts from periodicals, journals, books, and newspapers. They are scholarly issues of popular interest and habits that have been written for a non-specialist audience. When technical terminology is used in a work, a brief glossary is frequently included.
IELTS Exam Reading Answers
| Parachute vent | E |
| Envelope | F |
| Wicker basket | Mould |
| Burners | Maintenance |
| Skirt | Skids |
| C | International regulations |
| A |
IELTS Preparation Passage
It’s critical to become familiar with the IELTS reading test, IELTS reading tips, and the different types of questions. It’s also critical to learn from your errors. Students who only prepare for IELTS tests, on the other hand, are missing out on an excellent opportunity to develop their general reading skills.
Questions
The triangle relationship of closeness, desire, and commitment/decision, as articulated by Sternberg (1986) in Reading Passage, is depicted in numerous graphics. Examine each diagram to see if it demonstrates the following:
A consummate love
B romantic love
C empty love
D infatuation
E liking
F no information in the reading passage.
Fill in boxes 1-5 on your response sheet with the corresponding letters A-F.
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A
Although many people would no doubt think it impossible, social psychologists over the past several decades have been attempting to categorise and quantify the notion of love. And while there may never be agreement on how this is best done, much of the research to date is quite thought-provoking.
Sternberg (1986) sees love in terms of the interplay between three independently quantifiable aspects: passion, intimacy and decision/commitment. Sternberg defines passion as the romantic and sexual components of a relationship. Intimacy is the degree of closeness a person feels for another.
Decision/commitment concerns both one’s decision about being in love with a person and, once in an established relationship with that person, how committed one is to love one’s partner.
B
The intensity of each of the three aspects tells us how a relationship can be characterised. If decision/commitment is strong, for example, but intimacy and passion are low, then the result is empty like, according to Sternberg. He defines liking, meanwhile, as the type of love resulting from a high degree of intimacy but low decision/commitment and passion.
When passion is the only component that is strongly felt, this means that infatuation best describes the relationship. Romantic love occurs when there is a balance of passion and intimacy at relatively high levels but there is little decision/ commitment. When all three aspects are more or less equally balanced.
However, the relationship can be called one of consummate emotion, and this, says Sternberg, is probably the healthiest in terms of the longevity of the relationship and the happiness of the partners.
C
In yet another categorisation of love, Lee (1973) divides the emotion into six different styles, each with its name:
Love style Characteristics eros romantic, passionate emotion; based on ideal images of one’s partner Ludus game-playing emotion; playful and teasing storage friendship emotion pragma practical, logical emotion; a ‘shopping-list’ approach to seeking a partner mania possessive, dependent love agape selfless, altruistic love; puts partner’s interests above own
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D
Lee believes most people feel or experience love as a combination of two or more of the above styles, and that both partners may approach their relationship with styles that are sometimes compatible and sometimes not.
Hendrick and Hendrick (1986) investigated how men and women categorise their feelings and experiences of love using scales developed to measure Lee’s six styles. They found that women scored higher on storge, pragma and mania styles, while men scored higher on Indus.
In a subsequent study, Hendrick and Adler (1988) looked at how men’s and women’s scores for the six love types correlated with satisfaction in their love relationships. The findings were that a relationship was more likely to be satisfactory if eros and agape scores for both partners were high, while a high score of Ludus was more common in relationships marked by dissatisfaction.
E
The question of why different types or styles of love exist may best be addressed by attachment theory. The theory is based on observations of infants developing attachments to adults interpreted by Bowlby (1980) as a natural, evolutionary behaviour that promotes survival of the infant by staying close to adults when there is danger.
Ainsworth et al. (1978) divide attachment behaviour into three types: secure, anxious-ambivalent and avoidant. A secure attachment style forms when the infant and the caregiving adult interact with consistent caring and regular physical contact, giving the infant confidence to explore the world with little fear.
When the adult gives care inconsistently or tries to interfere too much in the infant’s activities, the attachment style is more likely to be anxious-ambivalent. An avoidant style results from the regular refusal by the care-giving adult to give attention or physical contact to the infant, Hazan and Shaver (1987), believing love to be a form of attachment, speculate that early attachment styles extend into adulthood and characterise a person’s style of showing love for another person.
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F
They base their suppositions on the reported histories of over 1200 people, who wrote of both their adult romantic experience and their relationships with their parents. Adults with secure attachment styles reported that they found it fairly easy to get close to other people and enjoy a relationship characterised by mutual dependence. Moreover, there was little fear of being rejected by others.
Those with avoidant attachment styles said they were not comfortable getting close to others, found it difficult to trust others completely and did not like having to rely on others. People in the anxious-ambivalent category felt their partners did not wish to become as intimate with them as they themselves would have liked. They also worried that they were not loved by their partners and constantly fretted about their romantic relationships.
Conclusion
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