टेलीपैथी आईईएलटीएस रीडिंग उत्तर: जानें कि रीडिंग में विभिन्न प्रश्नों के उत्तर कैसे दें

Is the IELTS reading section the toughest one to score? The answer is NO! If you practice 3-4 reading passages every day, you are good to go.

Take a good look at today’s article to learn how to easily score well in the IELTS reading exam. Read the Telepathy reading answers and try to answer some questions on your own.

IELTS Reading Passage – Telepathy 

Telepathy is the alleged transfer of information from one individual to another without the use of any recognised human sensory pathways or physical contact. Read more about it in the sections below.

Telepathy आईईएलटीएस रीडिंग पैसेज भाग 1

Can human beings communicate by thought alone? For more than a century the issue of telepathy has divided the scientific community, and even today it still sparks bitter controversy among top academics.

Since the 1970s, parapsychologists at leading universities and research institutes around the world have risked the derision of sceptical colleagues by putting the various claims for telepathy to the test in dozens of rigorous scientific studies. The results and their implications are dividing even the researchers who uncovered them.

Telepathy आईईएलटीएस रीडिंग पैसेज भाग 2

Some researchers say the results constitute compelling evidence that telepathy is genuine. Other parapsychologists believe the field is on the brink of collapse, having tried to produce definitive scientific proof and failed. Sceptics and advocates alike do concur on one issue, however: that the most impressive evidence so far has come from the so-called ‘ganzfeld’ experiments, a German term that means ‘the whole field’.

Reports of telepathic experiences had by people during meditation led parapsychologists to suspect that telepathy might involve ‘signals’ passing between people that were so faint that they were usually swamped by normal brain activity. In this case, such signals might be more easily detected by those experiencing meditation-like tranquillity in a relaxing ‘whole field’ of light, sound and warmth.

यह भी पढ़ें: आईईएलटीएस रीडिंग में प्रश्नों के मिलान शीर्षक प्रकार: इसे कैसे करें यहां बताया गया है

Telepathy आईईएलटीएस रीडिंग पैसेज भाग 3

The ganzfeld experiment tries to recreate these conditions with participants sitting in soft reclining chairs in a sealed room, listening to relaxing sounds while their eyes are covered with special filters letting in only soft pink light. In early ganzfeld experiments, the telepathy test involved the identification of a picture chosen from a random selection of four taken from a large image bank. The idea was that a person acting as a ‘sender’ would attempt to beam the image over to the ‘receiver’ relaxing in the sealed room.

Once the session was over, this person was asked to identify which of the four images had been used. Random guessing would give a hit rate of 25 per cent; if telepathy is real, however, the hit rate would be higher. In 1982, the results from the first ganzfeld studies were analysed by one of its pioneers, the American parapsychologist Charles Honorton. They pointed to typical hit rates of better than 30 per cent – a small effect, but one which statistical tests suggested could not be put down to chance.

Telepathy आईईएलटीएस रीडिंग पैसेज भाग 4

The implication was that the ganzfeld method had revealed real evidence for telepathy. But there was a crucial flaw in this argument – one routinely overlooked in more conventional areas of science. Just because chance had been ruled out as an explanation did not prove telepathy must exist; there were many other ways of getting positive results.

These ranged from ‘sensory leakage’ – where clues about the pictures accidentally reach the receiver – to outright fraud. In response, the researchers issued a review of all the ganzfeld studies done up to 1985 to show that 80 per cent had found statistically significant evidence. However, they also agreed that there were still too many problems in the experiments which could lead to positive results, and they drew up a list demanding new standards for future research.

Telepathy आईईएलटीएस रीडिंग पैसेज भाग 5

After this, many researchers switched to autoganzfeld tests – an automated variant of the technique which used computers to perform many of the key tasks such as the random selection of images. By minimising human involvement, the idea was to minimise the risk of flawed results. In 1987, results from hundreds of autoganzfeld tests were studied by Honorton in a ‘meta-analysis’, a statistical technique for finding the overall results from a set of studies. Though less compelling than before, the outcome was still impressive.

Telepathy आईईएलटीएस रीडिंग पैसेज भाग 6

Yet some parapsychologists remain disturbed by the lack of consistency between individual ganzfeld studies. Defenders of telepathy point out that demanding impressive evidence from every study ignores one basic statistical fact: it takes large samples to detect small effects. If, as current results suggest, telepathy produces hit-rates only marginally above the 25 per cent expected by chance, it’s unlikely to be detected by a typical ganzfeld study involving around 40 people: the group is just not big enough. Only when many studies are combined in a meta-analysis will the faint signal of telepathy really become apparent. And that is what researchers do seem to be found.

यह भी पढ़ें आईईएलटीएस रीडिंग परीक्षा में एमसीक्यू प्रकार के प्रश्न: इसे कैसे करें, यहां बताया गया है

Telepathy IELTS Reading Passage Part 7

What they are certainly not finding, however, is any change in the attitude of mainstream scientists: most still totally reject the very idea of telepathy. The problem stems at least in part from the lack of any plausible mechanism for telepathy.

Telepathy आईईएलटीएस रीडिंग पैसेज भाग 8

Various theories have been put forward, many focusing on esoteric ideas from theoretical physics. They include ‘quantum entanglement, in which events affecting one group of atoms instantly affect another group, no matter how far apart they may be. While physicists have demonstrated entanglement with specially prepared atoms, no-one knows if it also exists between atoms making up human minds. Answering such questions would transform parapsychology. This has prompted some researchers to argue that the future lies not in collecting more evidence for telepathy, but in probing possible mechanisms. Some work has begun already, with researchers trying to identify people who are particularly successful in autoganzfeld trials. Early results show that creative and artistic people do much better than average: in one study at the University of Edinburgh, musicians achieved a hit rate of 56 per cent. Perhaps more tests like these will eventually give the researchers the evidence they are seeking and strengthen the case for the existence of telepathy.

यह भी पढ़ें: एक सितारे का जीवन चक्र: एक आईईएलटीएस रीडिंग उत्तर विषय जिसमें हल किए गए प्रश्न शामिल हैं

Telepathy IELTS Reading Questions and Answers

आईईएलटीएस तैयारी के प्रश्न: शब्दावली

Q. What is the synonym of identity?

Ans. Spot

Q. What is the synonym of appealing?

Ans. Engaging

Q. What is the synonym of lack?

Ans. Absence

Q. What is the antonym of flaws?

Ans. Strengths

Q. What is the antonym of plenty?

Ans. Lack

Q. उपकार का विलोम शब्द क्या है?

Ans. Oppose

आईईएलटीएस तैयारी के प्रश्न: अंतराल भरें

Q. Participants in the _____ in plush reclining recliners in an enclosed chamber, listening to calming noises while their eyes are covered with special filters allowing only gentle pink light to pass through.

Ans. ganzfeld experiment recline.

Q. Carlos Grau of the University of California at Berkeley and colleagues devised a brilliant study in which signals are captured by an _____.

Ans. Electroencephalography EEG.

Q. The technique of ______ from one mind to another has long been associated with science fiction or the supernatural, which are both outside the bounds of orthodox science.

Ans. transmitting ideas.

Q. The goal was to reduce the ______ by minimising human participation.

Ans. possibility of erroneous outcomes.

निष्कर्ष

We hope you found the topic interesting to read. The questions for these reading passages can be of different types. They can ask you questions on the title, theme, vocabulary, true or false and many more. Therefore, it is wise to be prepared for any kind of questions. The time given will be very short, so approach these questions with a cool head.

Looking for the best IELTS courses online? Well, आईईएलटीएस निंजा is the place for you. Register a course and get closer to your dream band.

यह भी पढ़ें: दुर्लभ संसाधनों की समस्या: उत्तर पढ़ने के साथ एक आईईएलटीएस विषय