ट्रियून ब्रेन रीडिंग उत्तर: आईईएलटीएस रीडिंग टेस्ट के लिए जानकारी प्राप्त करें!

आईईएलटीएस की तैयारी is mandatory for all the candidates of the examination. If you are preparing for the exam, you need to understand the questions and the way to answer them. So, the triune brain reading answers is given here. Go ahead to do your आईईएलटीएस पढ़ने का परीक्षण. Also, catch the best IELTS online coaching. 

यह भी पढ़ें: राइजिंग सी आईईएलटीएस रीडिंग उत्तर: आईईएलटीएस रीडिंग पैसेज प्रश्न और उत्तर के साथ

The Triune Brain IELTS Reading Test Passage

भाग एक

The first of our three brains to evolve is what scientists call the reptilian cortex. This brain sustains the elementary activities of animal survival such as respiration, adequate rest and a beating heart. We are not required to consciously “think” about these activities. The reptilian cortex also houses the “startle center”, a mechanism that facilitates swift reactions to unexpected occurrences in our surroundings. 

That panicked lurch you experience when a door slams shut somewhere in the house, or the heightened awareness you feel when a twig cracks in a nearby bush while out on an evening stroll are both examples of the reptilian cortex at work. When it comes to our interaction with others, the reptilian brain offers up only the most basic impulses: aggression, mating, and territorial defence. There is no great difference, in this sense, between a crocodile defending its spot along the river and a turf war between two urban gangs.

भाग दो

Although the lizard may stake a claim to its habitat, it exerts total indifference toward the well-being of its young. Listen to the anguished squeal of a dolphin separated from its pod or witness the sight of elephants mourning their dead, however, and it is clear that a new development is at play. Scientists have identified this as the limbic cortex. Unique to mammals, the limbic cortex impels creatures to nurture their offspring by delivering feelings of tenderness and warmth to the parent when children are nearby. 

These same sensations also cause mammals to develop various types of social relations and kinship networks. When we are with others of “our kind” – be it at soccer practice, church, school or a nightclub – we experience positive sensations of togetherness, solidarity and comfort. If we spend too long away from these networks, then loneliness sets in and encourages us to seek companionship.

भाग तीन 

Only human capabilities extend far beyond the scope of these two cortexes. Humans eat, sleep and play, but we also speak, plot, rationalise and debate finer points of morality. Our unique abilities are the result of an expansive third brain – the neocortex – which engages with logic, reason and ideas. 

The power of the neocortex comes from its ability to think beyond the present, concrete moment. While other mammals are mainly restricted to impulsive actions (although some, such as apes, can learn and remember simple lessons), humans can think about the “big picture”. We can string together simple lessons (for example, an apple drops downwards from a tree; hurting others causes unhappiness) to develop complex theories of physical or social phenomena (such as the laws of gravity and a concern for human rights).

भाग चार 

The neocortex is also responsible for the process by which we decide on and commit to particular courses of action. Strung together over time, these choices can accumulate into feats of progress unknown to other animals. Anticipating a better grade on the following morning’s exam, a student can ignore the limbic urge to socialize and go to sleep early instead. 

Over three years, this ongoing sacrifice translates into a first class degree and a scholarship to graduate school; over a lifetime, it can mean groundbreaking contributions to human knowledge and development. The ability to sacrifice our drive for immediate satisfaction in order to benefit later is a product of the neocortex.

यह भी पढ़ें: 8 घंटे की नींद का मिथक: प्रश्न और उत्तर के साथ आईईएलटीएस रीडिंग पैसेज

भाग पाँच

Understanding the triune brain can help us appreciate the different natures of brain damage and psychological disorders. The most devastating form of brain damage, for example, is a condition in which someone is understood to be brain dead. In this state a person appears merely unconscious – sleeping, perhaps – but this is illusory. Here, the reptilian brain is functioning on autopilot despite the permanent loss of other cortexes.

भाग छह 

Disturbances to the limbic cortex are registered in a different manner. Pups with limbic damage can move around and feed themselves well enough but do not register the presence of their littermates. Scientists have observed how, after a limbic lobotomy 2, “one impaired monkey stepped on his outraged peers as if treading on a log or a rock”. In our own species, limbic damage is closely related to sociopathic behaviour. Sociopaths in possession of fully-functioning neocortex are often shrewd and emotionally intelligent people but lack any ability to relate to, empathize with or express concern for others.

भाग सात

One of the neurological wonders of history occurred when a railway worker named Phineas Gage survived an incident during which a metal rod skewered his skull, taking a considerable amount of his neocortex with it. Though Gage continued to live and work as before, his fellow employees observed a shift in the equilibrium of his personality. Gage’s animal propensities were now sharply pronounced while his intellectual abilities suffered; garrulous or obscene jokes replaced his once quick wit. 

New findings suggest, however, that Gage managed to soften these abrupt changes over time and rediscover an appropriate social manner. This would indicate that reparative therapy has the potential to help patients with advanced brain trauma to gain an improved quality of life.

यह भी पढ़ें: उत्तर पढ़ने वाले प्रीस्कूलरों के लिए कंप्यूटर गेम: आईईएलटीएस रीडिंग टेस्ट

आईईएलटीएस रीडिंग पैसेज से संबंधित प्रश्न

सवाल नंबर एक 

उपरोक्त परिच्छेद से कुछ कथन निम्नलिखित हैं। आपको गद्यांश से उत्तरों की जांच करनी होगी और उन्हें सही ढंग से लिखना होगा। 

#1. The first brain sustains the _______________ of animal survival such as respiration

उत्तर: elementary activities

#2. The first of our three brains to evolve is what scientists call the _____________.

उत्तर: reptilian cortex

#3. Unique to mammals, the _____________ impels creatures to nurture their offspring

उत्तर: limbic cortex

#4. One of the ___________ wonders of history occurred when a railway worker named Phineas Gage survived an incident 

उत्तर: neurological

#5. Reparative therapy has the potential to help patients with _____________ to gain an improved quality of life.

उत्तर: advanced brain trauma

सवाल नंबर दो 

नीचे दिए गए कथनों को देखें और उन्हें पढ़ने के बाद उनके सामने TRUE या FALSE लिखें। 

सत्य - यदि कथन उपरोक्त परिच्छेद में दी गई जानकारी से सहमत है।

असत्य - यदि कथन उपरोक्त परिच्छेद में दी गई जानकारी से असहमत है।

#1. Disturbances to the limbic cortex are registered in a different manner.

उत्तर: सत्य

#2. The ability to sacrifice our drive for immediate satisfaction in order to benefit later is a product of the neocortex.

उत्तर: सत्य

#3. No human abilities are the result of an expansive third brain. 

उत्तर: असत्य

#4. Though Gage continued to live and work as before, his fellow employees observed a shift in the equilibrium of his personality.

उत्तर: सत्य

#5. Anticipating a better grade on the following morning’s exam, a student can ignore the limbic urge to socialize and go to sleep early instead.

उत्तर: सत्य

यह भी पढ़ें: आईईएलटीएस टेस्ट के उत्तर पढ़कर स्वास्थ्य के बारे में हमारी समझ में बदलाव: आईईएलटीएस परीक्षा की तैयारी

निष्कर्ष

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